PayPal is a US provider of digital payments. Individuals and merchants use the platform to pay online and send money. The group also includes Venmo and the payment processor Braintree. The service is available in a great many countries. As of Oct 11, 2026
PayPal runs a global payments network that connects consumers and merchants online and in stores. Consumers use the PayPal and Venmo digital wallets to pay, manage their finances and send money to friends. Merchants receive branded and unbranded checkout processing, installment payments, point-of-sale solutions, financing and risk management tools. Revenue comes mainly from fees on processed payments, which are mostly based on the volume processed. In addition, there is income from currency conversion, instant transfers, cryptocurrency transactions, credit products and interest on customer balances.
Automatically summarized from SEC annual report (10-K, filed Feb 3, 2026) (website of the US Securities and Exchange Commission) · reviewed Oct 14, 2026
Our own calculation from the exchange’s daily candles, as of Oct 27, 2026. “All-time” applies since the start of this series, not to the whole market. Changes in percent; the TradingView chart shows prices. “Today” = change of the last trading day versus the previous day. Not investment advice.
No buy zone
There is currently no buy zone for this symbol under our Elliott rule. One only forms when the price pulls back after a strong rise.
An observation, not investment advice
Rule (4-hour candles) No active buy zone – the last one ended on Oct 21, 2026 · Buy zone no longer valid Zone historyThe zone history shows since when a buy zone has applied, when it was adjusted and when the price touched or left it. Recording began on Oct 12, 2026, only runs forward and fills nothing in – older zones are marked “known at start of recording” or “already existing when added”.Example: New buy zone on Oct 14, no adjustment since → “zone valid since Oct 14, 2026 · unchanged since”.More in the Academy: Lesson buy zone and Fibonacci
Watcher Full history: every change of the buy zone with its date.
Weekly candles (1W) Zone known when recording started (recording since Oct 12, 2026) · Setup confirmed on Aug 24, 2026 · last changed in the Week from Oct 12, 2026 Zone historyThe zone history shows since when a buy zone has applied, when it was adjusted and when the price touched or left it. Recording began on Oct 12, 2026, only runs forward and fills nothing in – older zones are marked “known at start of recording” or “already existing when added”.Example: New buy zone on Oct 14, no adjustment since → “zone valid since Oct 14, 2026 · unchanged since”.More in the Academy: Lesson buy zone and Fibonacci
Watcher Full history: every change of the buy zone with its date.
Timeframe 1 week · As of Oct 23, 2026 · display only, the rule works on 4-hour candles
Elliott count: Combination (W-X-Y), Corrective pattern (upward), Y complete (3 of 3 guidelines) · X = 86% of W; Y = 145% of W
Comparison: The rule treats the last rise as the possible start of an upward impulse (without checking its history and structure). The Elliott count reads it as the end of an upward correction (Y).
Note: Structure ambiguous: leg X, Y can also be read as three- or five-part.
Elliott count calculated automatically by fixed Elliott rules, not investment advice – display only, our buy zones do not use it. Provisional: The count can change with new candles.
Automated analysis (rule-based): the rule calculates waves and Fibonacci levels from the completed weekly candles; the chart is recalculated every day. Not investment advice. On this timeframe the chart only shows the rule setup (swing detection 2 × ATR) – the rule itself works on 4-hour candles. Axis and values: distance from the top of the buy zone in %, no prices. Fibonacci measured logarithmically (weekly candles).
On phones the drawing toolbar is hidden – drawing works better on a desktop.
Timeframe 1 day · As of Oct 27, 2026 · display only, the rule works on 4-hour candles
Elliott count: Double zigzag (W-X-Y), Corrective pattern (upward), Y complete (3 of 3 guidelines) · X = 77% of W; Y = 142% of W
smaller wave degree Smaller wave degree: more sensitive turning-point detection, because no count fits at the usual degree – it describes shorter swings. Provisional – check the count yourself on the chart.
Note: Structure open: leg X cannot be broken down into sub-waves on this timeframe – provisional, check the count yourself on the chart.
Elliott count calculated automatically by fixed Elliott rules, not investment advice – display only, our buy zones do not use it. Provisional: The count can change with new candles.
Automated analysis (rule-based): the rule calculates waves and Fibonacci levels from the completed daily candles; the chart is recalculated every day. Not investment advice. On this timeframe the chart only shows the rule setup (swing detection 3 × ATR) – the rule itself works on 4-hour candles. Axis and values: distance from the top of the buy zone in %, no prices.
On phones the drawing toolbar is hidden – drawing works better on a desktop.
Timeframe 4 hours · As of Oct 27, 2026
Elliott count: Combination (W-X-Y), Corrective pattern (upward), Y complete (1 of 3 guidelines) · X = 53% of W; Y = 32% of W
Note: Y truncated.
Note: Structure ambiguous: leg X, Y can also be read as three- or five-part.
Elliott count calculated automatically by fixed Elliott rules, not investment advice – display only, our buy zones do not use it. Provisional: The count can change with new candles.
No buy zone of the rule on this timeframe – the chart shows only the Elliott count from the completed 4-hour candles (recalculated every hour). Not a recommendation, not investment advice. Without a buy zone there is no reference for percentages – so no value axis and no prices; measurements are ratios of wave lengths.
Timeframe 1 hour · As of Oct 27, 2026 · display only, the rule works on 4-hour candles
Elliott count: Zigzag (A-B-C), Corrective pattern (upward), C complete (1 of 2 guidelines) · B = 47% of A; C = 50% of A
provisional count The inner sub-waves cannot be seen on this timeframe – the hard Elliott rules are met, the internal structure remains open. Provisional – check the count yourself on the chart.
Note: Structure ambiguous: leg A can also be read as three- or five-part.
Note: Structure open: leg B cannot be broken down into sub-waves on this timeframe – provisional, check the count yourself on the chart.
Elliott count calculated automatically by fixed Elliott rules, not investment advice – display only, our buy zones do not use it. Provisional: The count can change with new candles.
No buy zone of the rule on this timeframe – the chart shows only the Elliott count from the completed hourly candles (recalculated every hour). Not a recommendation, not investment advice. Without a buy zone there is no reference for percentages – so no value axis and no prices; measurements are ratios of wave lengths.
Timeframe 1 week · As of Oct 23, 2026 · from the Elliott count in the analysis chart
Weighting Main scenario (3 of 3 guidelines, strong) · no alternative Guidelines (strength of the count)Guidelines are typical features of a count, such as usual Fibonacci lengths or a change in the form of correction. Strong means: at least three quarters met, medium: at least half, otherwise weak. Even a strong count can flip.Example: 3 of 3 guidelines → strong; 2 of 4 → medium; 1 of 3 → weak.More in the Academy: Lesson wave degrees
Weighting by guidelines met – not a probability.
As long as the weekly close stays below the end of Y, this applies: complex countermove upward (Combination W-X-Y), Y complete – count points to falling prices.
Invalid if the weekly close is above the end of Y (+31.7% from the top of the zone)
If that breaks, this count no longer applies. Currently no alternative that follows the rules.
Timeframe 1 day · As of Oct 27, 2026 · from the Elliott count in the analysis chart
Weighting Main scenario (3 of 3 guidelines, strong) · no alternative Guidelines (strength of the count)Guidelines are typical features of a count, such as usual Fibonacci lengths or a change in the form of correction. Strong means: at least three quarters met, medium: at least half, otherwise weak. Even a strong count can flip.Example: 3 of 3 guidelines → strong; 2 of 4 → medium; 1 of 3 → weak.More in the Academy: Lesson wave degrees
Weighting by guidelines met – not a probability.
smaller wave degree Smaller wave degree: more sensitive turning-point detection, because no count fits at the usual degree – it describes shorter swings. Provisional – check the count yourself on the chart. No visible sub-waves in: X.
As long as the daily close stays below the end of Y, this applies: complex countermove upward (Double zigzag W-X-Y), Y complete – count points to falling prices.
Invalid if the daily close is above the end of Y (+18.7% from the top of the zone)
If that breaks, this count no longer applies. Currently no alternative that follows the rules.
Timeframe 4 hours · As of Oct 27, 2026 · from the Elliott count in the analysis chart
Weighting Main scenario (1 of 3 guidelines, weak) · no alternative Guidelines (strength of the count)Guidelines are typical features of a count, such as usual Fibonacci lengths or a change in the form of correction. Strong means: at least three quarters met, medium: at least half, otherwise weak. Even a strong count can flip.Example: 3 of 3 guidelines → strong; 2 of 4 → medium; 1 of 3 → weak.More in the Academy: Lesson wave degrees
Weighting by guidelines met – not a probability.
As long as the 4-hour close stays below the end of Y, this applies: complex countermove upward (Combination W-X-Y), Y complete – count points to falling prices.
Invalid if the 4-hour close is above the end of Y
If that breaks, this count no longer applies. Currently no alternative that follows the rules.
Timeframe 1 hour · As of Oct 27, 2026 · from the Elliott count in the analysis chart
Weighting Main scenario (1 of 2 guidelines, medium) · no alternative Guidelines (strength of the count)Guidelines are typical features of a count, such as usual Fibonacci lengths or a change in the form of correction. Strong means: at least three quarters met, medium: at least half, otherwise weak. Even a strong count can flip.Example: 3 of 3 guidelines → strong; 2 of 4 → medium; 1 of 3 → weak.More in the Academy: Lesson wave degrees
Weighting by guidelines met – not a probability.
provisional count The inner sub-waves cannot be seen on this timeframe – the hard Elliott rules are met, the internal structure remains open. Provisional – check the count yourself on the chart. No visible sub-waves in: B.
As long as the hourly close stays below the end of C, this applies: sharp countermove upward in three waves (Zigzag A-B-C), C complete – count points to falling prices.
Invalid if the hourly close is above the end of C
If that breaks, this count no longer applies. Currently no alternative that follows the rules.
PayPal · Sector Financials · amounts in USD
Information only – does not affect the other analysis methods, not investment advice. Source: SEC filings, As of Feb 3, 2026.
Four angles on the annual figures. Each check counts how many disclosed criteria are met – criteria without data do not count. The bars show where the company ranks on each figure among the stocks we cover and within its sector.
Fiscal year to Dec 31, 2025
18.3% Fiscal year 2025
Rank 54 of 100: higher than 54% of 192 peers (All). medium.
Rank 19 of 100: higher than 19% of 13 peers (Sector). weak.
Median Financials: 39.0%
Operating income divided by revenue: what the core business earns before interest and taxes.
15.8% Fiscal year 2025
Rank 58 of 100: higher than 58% of 237 peers (All). medium.
Rank 23 of 100: higher than 23% of 33 peers (Sector). weak.
Median Financials: 26.2%
Profit after all costs, interest and taxes divided by revenue.
25.8% Fiscal year 2025
Rank 67 of 100: higher than 67% of 218 peers (All). strong.
Rank 77 of 100: higher than 77% of 32 peers (Sector). strong.
Median Financials: 13.9%
Net income divided by equity at fiscal year end.
6.5% Fiscal year 2025 (total assets at year end)
Rank 54 of 100: higher than 54% of 238 peers (All). medium.
Rank 80 of 100: higher than 80% of 33 peers (Sector). strong.
Median Financials: 2.4%
Net income divided by total assets at fiscal year end.
25.3% Fiscal year 2025
Rank 35 of 100: higher than 35% of 239 peers (All). medium.
Rank 68 of 100: higher than 68% of 33 peers (Sector). strong.
Median Financials: 18.2%
Equity as a share of total assets. Usually low for banks.
16.8% Fiscal year 2025
Rank 57 of 100: higher than 57% of 213 peers (All). medium.
Rank 33 of 100: higher than 33% of 23 peers (Sector). medium.
Median Financials: 25.8%
Free cash flow divided by revenue.
5.6B USD Fiscal year 2025
Operating cash flow minus capital expenditure on property and equipment.
+6.4% per year
Rank 42 of 100: higher than 42% of 230 peers (All). medium.
Rank 23 of 100: higher than 23% of 32 peers (Sector). weak.
Median Financials: +9.7%
Average growth per year over 3 fiscal years.
+9.1% per year
Rank 42 of 100: higher than 42% of 217 peers (All). medium.
Rank 50 of 100: higher than 50% of 29 peers (Sector). medium.
Median Financials: +9.1%
Average growth per year over 5 fiscal years.
+13.6% per year
Rank 78 of 100: higher than 78% of 157 peers (All). strong.
Rank 89 of 100: higher than 89% of 23 peers (Sector). strong.
Median Financials: +7.2%
Average growth per year over 10 fiscal years.
+37.3% per year
Rank 88 of 100: higher than 88% of 157 peers (All). strong.
Rank 94 of 100: higher than 94% of 24 peers (Sector). strong.
Median Financials: +17.6%
Growth of earnings per share per year, adjusted for stock splits.
+8.9% per year
Rank 36 of 100: higher than 36% of 146 peers (All). medium.
Rank 30 of 100: higher than 30% of 25 peers (Sector). weak.
Median Financials: +14.8%
Growth of earnings per share per year, adjusted for stock splits.
+18.4% per year
Rank 83 of 100: higher than 83% of 140 peers (All). strong.
Rank 94 of 100: higher than 94% of 24 peers (Sector). strong.
Median Financials: +11.5%
Growth of earnings per share per year, adjusted for stock splits.
3% Fiscal year 2025
Dividend per share divided by earnings per share.
41.1x Fiscal year 2025
Free cash flow per share divided by dividend per share. From 1x the dividend is covered.
0.49 at fiscal year end
Rank 57 of 100: lower than 57% of 199 peers (All). medium.
Rank 63 of 100: lower than 63% of 26 peers (Sector). medium.
Median Financials: 0.83
Long-term financial debt divided by equity.
1.29 at fiscal year end
Rank 46 of 100: higher than 46% of 215 peers (All). medium.
Rank 65 of 100: higher than 65% of 13 peers (Sector). medium.
Median Financials: 1.10
Current assets divided by current liabilities.
−18.4% in 5 years
Rank 93 of 100: lower than 93% of 199 peers (All). strong.
Rank 90 of 100: lower than 90% of 24 peers (Sector). strong.
Median Financials: −6.1%
Change in diluted share count. Negative = share buybacks, positive = new shares.
Banks and insurers usually do not report gross margin, current assets or capital expenditure – those criteria then do not count. Debt is part of their business.
Price-based criteria (P/E, dividend yield) are shown to signed-in users.
Computed automatically from SEC annual reports – not investment advice. Describes the reported figures; points are not a rating of the stock. Rank 0–100 against the 239 stocks we cover and against the sector (from 5 peers); the stronger side is always on the right.
Summarized from the lights below. Describes the reported figures – not a recommendation to buy or sell.
Fiscal year 2025 (Jan 1, 2025 – Dec 31, 2025): Revenue 33.2B USD · Net income 5.2B USD · Net margin 15.8%
Where the money of a fiscal year goes and how margins, returns, balance sheet, cash flow and share count developed over up to 10 years. Each chart has one sentence saying what the trend shows.
Of 100 USD of revenue, 18.3 USD operating income and 15.8 USD net income remained.
| Item | Amount | of revenue |
|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 33.2B USD | 100.0% |
| Operating income | 6.1B USD | 18.3% |
| Cost of revenue and operating expenses | 27.1B USD | 81.7% |
| Net income | 5.2B USD | 15.8% |
| Interest expense | 441.0M USD | 1.3% |
| Taxes & other (net) | 391.0M USD | 1.2% |
Taxes, interest and other items are not available separately in the SEC data; they are combined as the difference.
The operating margin rose in 5 years from 15.3% to 18.3%.
Operating marginNet marginReturn on equity rose in 5 years from 21.0% to 25.8%.
Return on equityReturn on assetsThe equity ratio fell in 5 years from 28.4% to 25.3%.
EquityLong-term debt in USD Long-term debt, depending on the filing, includes the current portion or leases.The current ratio stayed roughly the same in 5 years (1.29).
Current ratioThe share count fell in 5 years by 18.4% (mostly through share repurchases).
Diluted share countBanks and insurers: gross margin, current assets and capital expenditure are usually not reported and cash flow is not meaningful there – those lines and charts are omitted.
From annual reports filed with the SEC (10-K, 20-F, 40-F) as first reported, share count adjusted for splits; obvious filing errors (e.g. wrong unit, outliers against both neighbouring years) are hidden. Describes the reported figures – not investment advice.
How much the company returns to its shareholders – as dividends or by repurchasing its own shares – and whether free cash flow supports it.
Over 5 years, 24.8B USD went back to shareholders, 99% of it through share repurchases. That is 92% of the free cash flow of those years. This was offset by new shares issued for 644.0M USD (including employee plans).
Dividends paidShare repurchasesNew shares issued (including employee plans)Free cash flow in USDFor banks and insurers free cash flow is not meaningful; ratios to free cash flow are usually omitted.
Dividends paid, repurchases and new shares issued from the cash flow statement of annual reports filed with the SEC (as first reported). Describes the reported figures – not investment advice.
Price-based valuation (P/E, P/S, price/free cash flow and dividend yield per fiscal year, compared with its own average) for signed-in users. Log in
PayPal next to 8 stocks of the sector Financials we cover that are closest in revenue. Click a column header to sort the table.
| Symbol | Revenue (FY) | Growth 5 yrs | Gross margin | Op. margin | Net margin | ROE | Equity ratio | FCF margin | Piotroski |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AXP American Express | 41.3B USD | +13.5% | – | – | 26.2% | 32.4% | 11.2% | – | – |
| V Visa Inc. | 40.0B USD | +12.9% | – | 60.0% | 50.1% | 52.9% | 38.1% | – | – |
| PYPL PayPal this stock | 33.2B USD | +9.1% | – | 18.3% | 15.8% | 25.8% | 25.3% | – | – |
| MA Mastercard | 32.8B USD | +16.5% | – | 57.6% | 45.6% | 193.2% | 14.3% | – | – |
| USB U.S. Bancorp | 28.7B USD | – | – | – | 26.4% | 11.6% | 9.4% | – | – |
| MRSH Marsh McLennan | 27.0B USD | +9.4% | – | 23.1% | 15.4% | 27.2% | 26.1% | – | – |
| BLK BlackRock | 24.2B USD | +8.4% | – | 29.1% | 22.9% | 9.9% | 32.9% | – | – |
| SCHW Charles Schwab Corporation | 23.9B USD | +15.4% | – | – | 37.0% | 17.9% | 10.1% | – | – |
| PNC PNC Financial Services | 23.1B USD | +6.4% | – | – | 30.0% | 11.4% | 10.6% | – | – |
| Median of the sector 33 symbols | 27.0B USD | +9.1% | – | 39.0% | 26.2% | 13.9% | 18.2% | – | – |
Growth 5 yrs = revenue growth per year over 5 fiscal years · Op. margin = operating margin · ROE = return on equity · FCF = free cash flow · Piotroski = F-Score (only with all 9 criteria).
Banks and insurers: gross margin (only if reported), free cash flow margin and Piotroski are not meaningful there (“–”).
Figures of the last fiscal year from SEC annual reports (peers as of Oct 28, 2026). Median across all companies of the sector we cover (from 5 stocks; several share classes of one company count once). Signed-in users also see P/E, P/S and dividend yield in the comparison. Describes the reported figures – not investment advice.
Each light follows a simple, disclosed rule. The comparison is with the sector median Sector medianThe middle value of all companies in a sector: half are above it, half below. Unlike the average, single outliers hardly distort it.Example: Margins 4%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 60% → median 10%, average 18.8%.More in the Academy: Lesson putting the P/E in context of all 79 symbols in the Financials sector on our list (current members of the S&P 500 and other lists).
+9.1% per year, last 5 years
Sector Financials: median +8.8% (73 symbols)
What does this mean? Revenue: over 5 years it grew by 9.1% per year on average – at least as fast as the median company in the sector (+8.8%).
Light rule: Green: grows at least as fast as the sector median (without a sector comparison: grows) · Yellow: grows more slowly · Red: shrinks.
+4.5% per year, last 5 years
Sector Financials: median +13.8% (71 symbols)
per share: +8.9% per year (5 years, split-adjusted)
What does this mean? Total net income: over 5 years it grew by 4.5% per year on average, but more slowly than the median company in the sector (+13.8%).
Light rule: Green: grows at least as fast as the sector median (without a sector comparison: grows) · Yellow: grows more slowly · Red: shrinks.
15.8% last fiscal year
Sector Financials: median 19.4% (75 symbols)
What does this mean? Of every 100 USD in revenue, 15.78 USD remained as profit – less than the median company in the sector (19.4%). Five years ago the margin was 19.6%.
Light rule: Green: at least the sector median (without a sector comparison: profit) · Yellow: profit, but below the median · Red: loss.
0.69 latest balance sheet
Sector Financials: median 0.63 (60 symbols)
What does this mean? For every 1 USD of equity there is 0.69 USD of financial debt – more than the median company in the sector (0.63). For banks and insurers, debt is part of the business – so the comparison is only with their own sector.
Light rule: Green: at most the sector median · Yellow: up to twice the median · Red: more than twice · Gray: without a sector comparison.
3% Dividend / earnings per share
Sector Financials: median 34% (58 symbols)
What does this mean? Of every 1 USD of earnings per share, 0.03 USD went to shareholders as a dividend. The rest stays in the company. Median company in the sector: 34%.
Light rule: Green: up to 60% of earnings · Yellow: up to 100% · Red: more than earnings or a dividend despite a loss · Gray for real estate (REITs). The sector median is for comparison only.
10 of 10 fiscal years with a profit
What does this mean? In 10 of the last 10 fiscal years the bottom line showed a profit. There were no losses in this period.
Light rule: Green: profit in every year · Yellow: one loss year · Red: several loss years (at least 3 years needed).
| Year | End | Revenue | Net income | Margin | Earnings per share | Dividend per share | Payout |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | Dec 31, 2025 | 33.2B | 5.2B | 15.8% | 5.41 | 0.14 | 3% |
| 2024 | Dec 31, 2024 | 31.8B | 4.1B | 13.0% | 3.99 | – | – |
| 2023 | Dec 31, 2023 | 29.8B | 4.2B | 14.3% | 3.84 | – | – |
| 2022 | Dec 31, 2022 | 27.5B | 2.4B | 8.8% | 2.09 | – | – |
| 2021 | Dec 31, 2021 | 25.4B | 4.2B | 16.4% | 3.52 | – | – |
| 2020 | Dec 31, 2020 | 21.5B | 4.2B | 19.6% | 3.54 | – | – |
| 2019 | Dec 31, 2019 | 17.8B | 2.5B | 13.8% | 2.07 | – | – |
| 2018 | Dec 31, 2018 | 15.5B | 2.1B | 13.3% | 1.71 | – | – |
| 2017 | Dec 31, 2017 | 13.1B | 1.8B | 13.7% | 1.47 | – | – |
| 2016 | Dec 31, 2016 | 10.8B | 1.4B | 12.9% | 1.15 | – | – |
| Quarter | End | Revenue | Net income | Margin | Earnings per share | Dividend per share | Payout |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q3/26 | Sep 30, 2026 | 8.6B | 1.1B | 12.5% | 1.25 | 0.14 | 11% |
| Q2/26 | Jun 30, 2026 | 8.7B | 1.1B | 12.7% | 1.25 | 0.14 | 11% |
| Q1/26 | Mar 31, 2026 | 8.4B | 1.1B | 13.3% | 1.21 | 0.14 | 12% |
| Q4/25* | Dec 31, 2025 | 8.7B | 1.4B | 16.6% | – | 0.14 | – |
| Q3/25 | Sep 30, 2025 | 8.4B | 1.2B | 14.8% | 1.30 | – | – |
| Q2/25 | Jun 30, 2025 | 8.3B | 1.3B | 15.2% | 1.29 | – | – |
| Q1/25 | Mar 31, 2025 | 7.8B | 1.3B | 16.5% | 1.29 | – | – |
| Q4/24* | Dec 31, 2024 | 8.4B | 1.1B | 13.4% | – | – | – |
| Q3/24 | Sep 30, 2024 | 7.8B | 1.0B | 12.9% | 0.99 | – | – |
| Q2/24 | Jun 30, 2024 | 7.9B | 1.1B | 14.3% | 1.08 | – | – |
| Q1/24 | Mar 31, 2024 | 7.7B | 888.0M | 11.5% | 0.83 | – | – |
| Q4/23* | Dec 31, 2023 | 8.0B | 1.4B | 17.5% | – | – | – |
* Q4 derived: fiscal year minus the 9-month value (EPS cannot be derived this way); may be distorted by restatements.
How we calculate: values as first reported to the SEC (later corrections are left out), a fixed order of reporting tags per figure, partial sums are never added up. Growth per year Growth per year (CAGR)The average annual growth rate over several years, as if the value had grown equally strongly every year. Individual good or bad years even out in it.Example: Revenue €100m → €161m in 5 years → (161 ÷ 100) to the power of 1/5 − 1 = 10% per year.More in the Academy: Lesson debt, dividends and growth over 5 years (otherwise 3 years). Quarters are labeled by the calendar quarter in which they end.
| Period | Purchases | Sales | Net |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3 months | $00 people | $848.1K3 people | −$848.1K |
| 6 months | $254.5K1 person | $2.0M3 people | −$1.7M |
| 12 months | $254.5K1 person | $8.3M5 people | −$8.0M |
Source: mandatory filings with the SEC (Form 4), open-market purchases and sales only. General information, not investment advice.
ATR ATR (Average True Range)The average range per trading day over the last 14 days. It makes distances comparable, whether a stock costs 10 or 1,000.Example: ATR 2.50 at a price of 100: 0.4 ATR is 1.00, i.e. 1%.More in the Academy: Lesson ATR and moving averages as price values only when logged in.
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