NVO Novo Nordisk (ADR)

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· How we analyze

About the company

Novo Nordisk is a Danish pharmaceutical company. Its focus is diabetes and weight-loss drugs such as insulins, Ozempic and Wegovy, plus treatments for rare blood and hormone disorders. ADRs are traded in the US. As of Oct 11, 2026

Fact sheet (from the annual report) Pharmaceutical manufacturers · Bagsvaerd Denmark, Denmark

According to the company, Novo Nordisk is a global healthcare company based in Denmark that makes and sells medicines. The group reports in the segments obesity and diabetes, and rare diseases. Its range includes active ingredients that activate the GLP-1 receptor for treating obesity and diabetes as well as modern and human insulins for diabetes. In rare diseases, the group mainly offers growth hormones and treatments for hemophilia. For the manufacture, development, marketing and reimbursement of its products, the group depends on government approvals.

Automatically summarized from SEC annual report (20-F, filed Feb 4, 2026) (website of the US Securities and Exchange Commission) · reviewed Oct 15, 2026

What the methods say about Novo Nordisk (ADR)

Calculated automatically by fixed rules – not investment advice, check for yourself. How we analyze

Price performance at a glance

Last 30 trading days
  • Today −1.2%
  • 7 days −1.7%
  • 30 days −0.3%
  • 1 year −26.9%
Day range (last trading day)
−0.3%Price at 27% of the range+0.9%
52-week range
−9.2%Price at 12% of the range+65.9%
Distance from the all-time high
−73.9%

Our own calculation from the exchange’s daily candles, as of Oct 27, 2026. “All-time” applies since the start of this series, not to the whole market. Changes in percent; the TradingView chart shows prices. “Today” = change of the last trading day versus the previous day. Not investment advice.

Fundamental analysis

Novo Nordisk (ADR) · amounts in DKK

Information only – does not affect the other analysis methods, not investment advice. Source: SEC filings, As of Feb 4, 2026.

Quality checks

Four angles on the annual figures. Each check counts how many disclosed criteria are met – criteria without data do not count. The bars show where the company ranks on each figure among the stocks we cover and within its sector.

Fiscal year to Dec 31, 2025

Quality 8 of 8 met

  • met: Gross margin above 40% 81.0%
  • met: Operating margin above 15% 41.3%
  • met: Net margin above 10% 33.1%
  • met: Return on equity above 15% 52.8%
  • met: Free cash flow margin above 10% 19.1%
  • met: Profit in each of the last 5 fiscal years 5 of 5
  • met: Free cash flow positive in each of the last 3 fiscal years 3 of 3
  • met: Equity ratio above 30% 35.7%
Gross margin

81.0% Fiscal year 2025

Rank 93 of 100: higher than 93% of 153 peers (All). strong.

Share of revenue left after the direct cost of the products sold.

Operating margin

41.3% Fiscal year 2025

Rank 90 of 100: higher than 90% of 192 peers (All). strong.

Operating income divided by revenue: what the core business earns before interest and taxes.

Net margin

33.1% Fiscal year 2025

Rank 91 of 100: higher than 91% of 237 peers (All). strong.

Profit after all costs, interest and taxes divided by revenue.

Return on equity

52.8% Fiscal year 2025

Rank 88 of 100: higher than 88% of 218 peers (All). strong.

Net income divided by equity at fiscal year end.

Return on assets

18.9% Fiscal year 2025 (total assets at year end)

Rank 90 of 100: higher than 90% of 238 peers (All). strong.

Net income divided by total assets at fiscal year end.

Equity ratio

35.7% Fiscal year 2025

Rank 49 of 100: higher than 49% of 239 peers (All). medium.

Equity as a share of total assets. Usually low for banks.

Free cash flow margin

19.1% Fiscal year 2025

Rank 66 of 100: higher than 66% of 213 peers (All). medium.

Free cash flow divided by revenue.

Free cash flow

59.0B DKK Fiscal year 2025

Operating cash flow minus capital expenditure on property and equipment.

Growth 4 of 6 met · 1 without data

  • met: Over 3 years, revenue grew by more than 5% per year +20.4%
  • met: Over 5 years, revenue grew by more than 5% per year +19.5%
  • no data: Over 10 years, revenue grew by more than 5% per year no comparable figures over 10 years
  • not met: Over 3 years, EPS grew by more than 5% per year −2.0%
  • not met: Over 5 years, EPS grew by more than 5% per year +5.0%
  • met: Revenue rose in at least 4 of the last 5 fiscal years 5 of 5
  • met: Revenue rose in the last fiscal year +6.4%
Revenue growth 3 years

+20.4% per year

Rank 77 of 100: higher than 77% of 230 peers (All). strong.

Average growth per year over 3 fiscal years.

Revenue growth 5 years

+19.5% per year

Rank 74 of 100: higher than 74% of 217 peers (All). strong.

Average growth per year over 5 fiscal years.

EPS growth 3 years

−2.0% per year

Rank 21 of 100: higher than 21% of 157 peers (All). weak.

Growth of earnings per share per year, adjusted for stock splits.

EPS growth 5 years

+5.0% per year

Rank 20 of 100: higher than 20% of 146 peers (All). weak.

Growth of earnings per share per year, adjusted for stock splits.

Dividend no criteria with data · 7 without data

  • no data: Pays a dividend 20-F filer without dividend per share
  • no data: Payout ratio at most 60% of earnings 20-F filer without dividend per share
  • no data: Dividend paid in each of the last 5 fiscal years 20-F filer without dividend per share
  • no data: Dividend per share never lowered in the last 5 fiscal years 20-F filer without dividend per share
  • no data: Dividend per share higher than 5 years ago 20-F filer without dividend per share
  • no data: Free cash flow per share covers the dividend 20-F filer without dividend per share
  • no data: Dividends paid over the last 5 years covered by free cash flow 20-F filer without dividend per share

Financial strength 3 of 6 met

  • not met: Piotroski F-Score at least 7 of 9 5 of 9
  • met: Long-term debt no higher than equity 0.67
  • not met: Current assets cover current liabilities 0.80
  • met: Positive equity 194.0B DKK
  • not met: In 5 years, share count up by at most 5% +90.1%
  • met: Free cash flow positive in the last fiscal year 59.0B DKK
Piotroski F-Score

5 of 9 Fiscal year 2025

Rank 21 of 100: higher than 21% of 134 peers (All). weak.

Nine yes/no tests on profit, cash flow, debt, liquidity and efficiency compared with the prior year.

Debt / equity

0.67 at fiscal year end

Rank 47 of 100: lower than 47% of 199 peers (All). medium.

Long-term financial debt divided by equity.

Liquidity (current ratio)

0.80 at fiscal year end

Rank 10 of 100: higher than 10% of 215 peers (All). weak.

Current assets divided by current liabilities.

Change in share count

+90.1% in 5 years

Rank 10 of 100: lower than 10% of 199 peers (All). weak.

Change in diluted share count. Negative = share buybacks, positive = new shares.

The 9 criteria of the Piotroski F-Score
  • met: Profit in the last fiscal year (positive return on assets)
  • met: Positive operating cash flow
  • not met: Return on assets higher than the prior year
  • met: Operating cash flow higher than net income
  • not met: Long-term debt relative to total assets fell
  • met: Liquidity (current assets / current liabilities) rose
  • met: No additional shares (diluted share count did not rise)
  • not met: Gross margin higher than the prior year
  • not met: Revenue relative to total assets higher than the prior year

Last fiscal year compared with the one before. Returns and revenue per total assets use total assets at the start of the year; leverage = long-term financial debt divided by total assets at year end; new shares via the average diluted share count.

20-F filer (foreign company): amounts in the reporting currency, no price-based criteria.

Price-based criteria (P/E, dividend yield) are shown to signed-in users.

Computed automatically from SEC annual reports – not investment advice. Describes the reported figures; points are not a rating of the stock. Rank 0–100 against the 239 stocks we cover and against the sector (from 5 peers); the stronger side is always on the right.

In short

  • Light green: Revenue grew over 5 years (+19.5% per year).
  • Light green: Net income (total) grew over 5 years (+19.4% per year); per share +5.0% per year.
  • Light green: Net margin 33.1%.
  • Light green: Profit in each of the last 7 fiscal years.

Summarized from the lights below. Describes the reported figures – not a recommendation to buy or sell.

RevenueNet income Net margin (below) in DKK
  1. Fiscal year 2019 (Jan 1, 2019 – Dec 31, 2019): Revenue 122.0B DKK · Net income 39.0B DKK · Net margin 31.9%
  2. Fiscal year 2020 (Jan 1, 2020 – Dec 31, 2020): Revenue 126.9B DKK · Net income 42.1B DKK · Net margin 33.2%
  3. Fiscal year 2021 (Jan 1, 2021 – Dec 31, 2021): Revenue 140.8B DKK · Net income 47.8B DKK · Net margin 33.9%
  4. Fiscal year 2022 (Jan 1, 2022 – Dec 31, 2022): Revenue 177.0B DKK · Net income 55.5B DKK · Net margin 31.4%
  5. Fiscal year 2023 (Jan 1, 2023 – Dec 31, 2023): Revenue 232.3B DKK · Net income 83.7B DKK · Net margin 36.0%
  6. Fiscal year 2024 (Jan 1, 2024 – Dec 31, 2024): Revenue 290.4B DKK · Net income 101.0B DKK · Net margin 34.8%
  7. Fiscal year 2025 (Jan 1, 2025 – Dec 31, 2025): Revenue 309.1B DKK · Net income 102.4B DKK · Net margin 33.1%

Fiscal year 2025 (Jan 1, 2025 – Dec 31, 2025): Revenue 309.1B DKK · Net income 102.4B DKK · Net margin 33.1%

Figures over time

Where the money of a fiscal year goes and how margins, returns, balance sheet, cash flow and share count developed over up to 10 years. Each chart has one sentence saying what the trend shows.

Money flow in fiscal year 2025

Of 100 DKK of revenue, 81.0 DKK gross profit, 41.3 DKK operating income and 33.1 DKK net income remained.

Money flow as a table
Fiscal year 2025, amounts in DKK, share of revenue
ItemAmountof revenue
Revenue309.1B DKK100.0%
Gross profit250.3B DKK81.0%
Cost of revenue58.8B DKK19.0%
Operating income127.7B DKK41.3%
Research & development52.0B DKK16.8%
Other operating expenses70.6B DKK22.8%
Net income102.4B DKK33.1%
Interest expense6.8B DKK2.2%
Taxes & other (net)18.4B DKK6.0%

Taxes, interest and other items are not available separately in the SEC data; they are combined as the difference.

Margins

The operating margin fell in 5 years from 42.6% to 41.3%.

Gross marginOperating marginNet margin
  1. Fiscal year 2019: Gross margin 83.5% · Operating margin 43.0% · Net margin 31.9%
  2. Fiscal year 2020: Gross margin 83.5% · Operating margin 42.6% · Net margin 33.2%
  3. Fiscal year 2021: Gross margin 83.2% · Operating margin 41.7% · Net margin 33.9%
  4. Fiscal year 2022: Gross margin 83.9% · Operating margin 42.3% · Net margin 31.4%
  5. Fiscal year 2023: Gross margin 84.6% · Operating margin 44.2% · Net margin 36.0%
  6. Fiscal year 2024: Gross margin 84.7% · Operating margin 44.2% · Net margin 34.8%
  7. Fiscal year 2025: Gross margin 81.0% · Operating margin 41.3% · Net margin 33.1%

Returns

Return on equity fell in 5 years from 66.5% to 52.8%.

Return on equityReturn on assets
  1. Fiscal year 2019: Return on equity 67.6% · Return on assets 31.0%
  2. Fiscal year 2020: Return on equity 66.5% · Return on assets 29.1%
  3. Fiscal year 2021: Return on equity 67.5% · Return on assets 24.6%
  4. Fiscal year 2022: Return on equity 66.5% · Return on assets 23.0%
  5. Fiscal year 2023: Return on equity 78.5% · Return on assets 26.6%
  6. Fiscal year 2024: Return on equity 70.4% · Return on assets 21.7%
  7. Fiscal year 2025: Return on equity 52.8% · Return on assets 18.9%

Equity and long-term debt

The equity ratio fell in 5 years from 43.7% to 35.7%.

EquityLong-term debt in DKK Long-term debt, depending on the filing, includes the current portion or leases.
  1. Fiscal year 2019: Equity 57.6B DKK · Long-term debt 4.5B DKK
  2. Fiscal year 2020: Equity 63.3B DKK · Long-term debt 10.4B DKK
  3. Fiscal year 2021: Equity 70.7B DKK · Long-term debt 26.6B DKK
  4. Fiscal year 2022: Equity 83.5B DKK · Long-term debt 25.8B DKK
  5. Fiscal year 2023: Equity 106.6B DKK · Long-term debt 27.0B DKK
  6. Fiscal year 2024: Equity 143.5B DKK · Long-term debt 102.8B DKK
  7. Fiscal year 2025: Equity 194.0B DKK · Long-term debt 131.0B DKK

Liquidity (current ratio)

The current ratio fell in 5 years from 0.94 to 0.80.

Current ratio
  1. Fiscal year 2019: Current ratio 1.06
  2. Fiscal year 2020: Current ratio 0.94
  3. Fiscal year 2021: Current ratio 0.86
  4. Fiscal year 2022: Current ratio 0.89
  5. Fiscal year 2023: Current ratio 0.82
  6. Fiscal year 2024: Current ratio 0.74
  7. Fiscal year 2025: Current ratio 0.80

Cash flow

Free cash flow rose in 5 years from 46.1B DKK to 59.0B DKK.

Operating cash flowCapital expenditureFree cash flow in DKK
  1. Fiscal year 2019: Operating cash flow 46.8B DKK · Capital expenditure 8.9B DKK · Free cash flow 37.9B DKK
  2. Fiscal year 2020: Operating cash flow 52.0B DKK · Capital expenditure 5.8B DKK · Free cash flow 46.1B DKK
  3. Fiscal year 2021: Operating cash flow 55.0B DKK · Capital expenditure 6.3B DKK · Free cash flow 48.7B DKK
  4. Fiscal year 2022: Operating cash flow 78.9B DKK · Capital expenditure 12.1B DKK · Free cash flow 66.7B DKK
  5. Fiscal year 2023: Operating cash flow 108.9B DKK · Capital expenditure 25.8B DKK · Free cash flow 83.1B DKK
  6. Fiscal year 2024: Operating cash flow 121.0B DKK · Capital expenditure 47.2B DKK · Free cash flow 73.8B DKK
  7. Fiscal year 2025: Operating cash flow 119.1B DKK · Capital expenditure 60.1B DKK · Free cash flow 59.0B DKK

Share count

The share count rose in 5 years by 90.1% – more new shares were issued than repurchased (dilution).

Average share count
  1. Fiscal year 2019: Average share count 2.4B
  2. Fiscal year 2020: Average share count 2.3B
  3. Fiscal year 2021: Average share count 2.3B
  4. Fiscal year 2022: Average share count 2.3B
  5. Fiscal year 2023: Average share count 4.5B
  6. Fiscal year 2024: Average share count 4.5B
  7. Fiscal year 2025: Average share count 4.4B

From annual reports filed with the SEC (10-K, 20-F, 40-F) as first reported, share count adjusted for splits; obvious filing errors (e.g. wrong unit, outliers against both neighbouring years) are hidden. Describes the reported figures – not investment advice.

Dividends and share repurchases

How much the company returns to its shareholders – as dividends or by repurchasing its own shares – and whether free cash flow supports it.

Dividend per share
none pays no dividend
To shareholders (5 years)
95.0B DKK 100% through repurchases
Share count over 5 years
+90.1% more shares – dilution

What goes back to shareholders

Over 5 years, 95.0B DKK went back to shareholders, 100% of it through share repurchases. That is 29% of the free cash flow of those years.

Dividends paidShare repurchasesNew shares issued (including employee plans)Free cash flow in DKK
  1. Fiscal year 2019: Dividends paid not available · Share repurchases 15.3B DKK · New shares issued (including employee plans) not available · Free cash flow 37.9B DKK
  2. Fiscal year 2020: Dividends paid not available · Share repurchases 16.9B DKK · New shares issued (including employee plans) not available · Free cash flow 46.1B DKK
  3. Fiscal year 2021: Dividends paid not available · Share repurchases 19.4B DKK · New shares issued (including employee plans) not available · Free cash flow 48.7B DKK
  4. Fiscal year 2022: Dividends paid not available · Share repurchases 24.1B DKK · New shares issued (including employee plans) not available · Free cash flow 66.7B DKK
  5. Fiscal year 2023: Dividends paid not available · Share repurchases 29.9B DKK · New shares issued (including employee plans) not available · Free cash flow 83.1B DKK
  6. Fiscal year 2024: Dividends paid not available · Share repurchases 20.2B DKK · New shares issued (including employee plans) not available · Free cash flow 73.8B DKK
  7. Fiscal year 2025: Dividends paid not available · Share repurchases 1.4B DKK · New shares issued (including employee plans) not available · Free cash flow 59.0B DKK

Dividends paid, repurchases and new shares issued from the cash flow statement of annual reports filed with the SEC (as first reported). Describes the reported figures – not investment advice.

Valuation over time

20-F filer or other currency: earnings per share and share count do not reliably match the price of the US listing (ADR) – so there is no price-based valuation here.

Key figures with traffic lights

Each light follows a simple, disclosed rule. This symbol has no sector assignment – lights with a sector comparison stay gray or use only the basic rule.

Revenue growth

Light green: growing

+19.5% per year, last 5 years

What does this mean? Revenue: over 5 years it grew by 19.5% per year on average. Comparable values for a sector comparison are missing.

Light rule: Green: grows at least as fast as the sector median (without a sector comparison: grows) · Yellow: grows more slowly · Red: shrinks.

Net income (total)

Light green: growing

+19.4% per year, last 5 years

per share: +5.0% per year (5 years, split-adjusted)

What does this mean? Total net income: over 5 years it grew by 19.4% per year on average. Comparable values for a sector comparison are missing.

Light rule: Green: grows at least as fast as the sector median (without a sector comparison: grows) · Yellow: grows more slowly · Red: shrinks.

Net margin

Light green: Gain

33.1% last fiscal year

What does this mean? Of every 100 DKK in revenue, 33.14 DKK remained as profit. Comparable values for a sector comparison are missing.

Light rule: Green: at least the sector median (without a sector comparison: profit) · Yellow: profit, but below the median · Red: loss.

Debt / equity

Light gray: no comparison

0.67 latest balance sheet

What does this mean? For every 1 DKK of equity there is 0.67 DKK of financial debt. Without a sector comparison this is hard to put into context.

Light rule: Green: at most the sector median · Yellow: up to twice the median · Red: more than twice · Gray: without a sector comparison.

Payout ratio

Light gray: none found

– Dividend / earnings per share

What does this mean? The loaded SEC filings of the last two fiscal years contain no dividend per share. Either the company pays none, or it reports it under a different tag.

Light rule: Green: up to 60% of earnings · Yellow: up to 100% · Red: more than earnings or a dividend despite a loss · Gray for real estate (REITs). The sector median is for comparison only.

Profitable years

Light green: profit every year

7 of 7 fiscal years with a profit

What does this mean? In 7 of the last 7 fiscal years the bottom line showed a profit. There were no losses in this period.

Light rule: Green: profit in every year · Yellow: one loss year · Red: several loss years (at least 3 years needed).

Last fiscal year and 13F

Information, not a trading signal · Source: SEC EDGAR
Revenue (FY)
309.1B DKK
Revenue vs. prior year
+6.4%
Net income (FY)
102.4B DKK
Net income vs. prior year
+1.4%
EPS (FY)
23.03 DKK
13F funds with a position
2 of 9
Funds vs. prior quarter
+1
Shares held vs. prior quarter
−52.0%
Fiscal year to Dec 31, 2025 · 20-F filed Feb 4, 2026 · Balance sheet Dec 31, 2025 (filed Feb 4, 2026) · Price-based figures (P/E, P/S, dividend yield, market cap) only when logged in. · Values as first reported; debt = reported financial debt (US GAAP: long-term). 13F: reporting date Jun 30, 2026, 9 tracked funds have filed (latest Aug 14, 2026), filed with up to 45 days of delay. Stock positions only; comparison with Mar 31, 2026 only across funds that filed for both quarters.
All figures as a table
Fiscal years (amounts in DKK, per share in DKK)
YearEndRevenueNet income MarginEarnings per shareDividend per sharePayout
2025Dec 31, 2025 309.1B102.4B 33.1% 23.03 – –
2024Dec 31, 2024 290.4B101.0B 34.8% 22.63 – –
2023Dec 31, 2023 232.3B83.7B 36.0% 18.62 – –
2022Dec 31, 2022 177.0B55.5B 31.4% 24.44 – –
2021Dec 31, 2021 140.8B47.8B 33.9% 20.74 – –
2020Dec 31, 2020 126.9B42.1B 33.2% 18.01 – –
2019Dec 31, 2019 122.0B39.0B 31.9% 16.38 – –

* Q4 derived: fiscal year minus the 9-month value (EPS cannot be derived this way); may be distorted by restatements.

How we calculate: values as first reported to the SEC (later corrections are left out), a fixed order of reporting tags per figure, partial sums are never added up. Growth per year over 5 years (otherwise 3 years). Quarters are labeled by the calendar quarter in which they end.

Insiders

All insider transactions

In the last 12 months, insiders of this stock have not acquired or disposed of shares on the market (SEC Form 4).

Source: mandatory filings with the SEC (Form 4), open-market purchases and sales only. General information, not investment advice.

Trend score -65

Price vs. EMA 50-15
Price vs. EMA 200-15
EMA 50 vs. EMA 200-20
ADX (trend strength)+0
Highs and lows+0
Relative strength-15

Volatility and trend strength

ADX 14 (trend strength)19.7
Rel. strength 60 d−18.7%

ATR and moving averages as price values only when logged in.

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